Agricultural fields near Perdizes, Minas Gerais. Photo: Collected
The agricultural sector in Brazil is historically one of the principal bases of Brazil's economy. In 2024, Brazil was the second-biggest grain exporter in the world, with 19% of the international market share, and the fourth overall grain producer. Brazil is also the world's largest exporter of many popular agriculture commodities like coffee, soybeans, organic honey, beef, poultry, cane sugar, soybean meal, açai berry, orange juice, yerba mate, cellulose, tobacco, and the second biggest exporter of cotton, corn, pork, and ethanol. The country also has a significant presence as a producer and exporter of rice, wheat, eggs, refined sugar, soybean oil, cocoa, beans, nuts, cassava, sisal fiber, and diverse fruits and vegetables.
The southern one-half to two-thirds of Brazil has a semi-temperate climate, higher rainfall, more fertile soil, more advanced technology and input use, adequate infrastructure, and more experienced farmers. This region produces most of Brazil's grains, oilseeds, and agricultural exports.
The drought-ridden northeast region and the Amazon basin lack well-distributed rainfall, good soil, adequate infrastructure, and development capital. Although mostly occupied by subsistence farmers, both regions are increasingly important as exporters of forest products, cocoa, and tropical fruits. Central Brazil contains substantial areas of grassland. Brazilian grasslands are far less fertile than those of North America and are generally suited only for grazing.
Extreme weather events like drought, linked with deforestation and climate change, increasingly impact Brazilian agriculture. Experts consider a forest-friendly economy the best method to sustain the Brazilian agricultural sector, because deforestation presents severe dangers to it.
Source: Online/GFMM
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